Contents

1 SAP R/3................................................................................................................................................................... 2

1.1 Tables........................................................................................................................................................... 2

1.2 Transactions........................................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.1 Daily maintenance............................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.2 ABAP-related......................................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.3 Backgroundjob-related....................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.4 Generally useful.................................................................................................................................... 2

1.2.5 Functional transactions...................................................................................................................... 2

1.3 Commands.................................................................................................................................................. 3

1.4 ABAP reports............................................................................................................................................ 3

1.5 Profileparameters............................................................................................................................... 3

1.6 Userids.......................................................................................................................................................... 3

1.6.1 Userids on SAP R/3 level..................................................................................................................... 3

1.6.2 Userids on databaselevel.................................................................................................................... 3

1.6.3 Userids on OS-level.............................................................................................................................. 3

1.6.4 Userid for Supportpackages............................................................................................................... 3

1.6.5 Userid for STMS.................................................................................................................................... 3

1.7 Logfiles........................................................................................................................................................ 3

2 Database............................................................................................................................................................. 4

2.1 General databaseknowledge...................................................................................................... 4

2.1.1 Database-commands............................................................................................................................ 4

2.1.1.1 SQL Select-statements......................................................................................................................... 4

2.1.1.2 SQL Alter-statements.......................................................................................................................... 4

2.1.1.3 SQL Other statements.......................................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Oracle........................................................................................................................................................... 4

2.2.1 important files....................................................................................................................................... 4

2.2.2 OSlevel-commands............................................................................................................................... 4

2.2.3 Brbackup/brrestore.............................................................................................................................. 4

2.3 MS SQL............................................................................................................................................................ 4

2.3.1 Stored procedures................................................................................................................................ 5

2.4 DB 2/400........................................................................................................................................................... 5

3 Operating system......................................................................................................................................... 6

3.1 General........................................................................................................................................................ 6

3.1.1 ftp............................................................................................................................................................. 6

3.1.2 General commands............................................................................................................................... 6

3.2 UNIX................................................................................................................................................................. 6

3.2.1 Simple commands................................................................................................................................. 6

3.2.2 A little more complex commands....................................................................................................... 6

3.3 NT..................................................................................................................................................................... 6

4 General issues................................................................................................................................................. 8

4.1 SAP Tools..................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.1.1 dbmon..................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.1.2 gwmon..................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.1.3 R3load.................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.1.4 R3setup................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.1.5 R3trans................................................................................................................................................... 8

4.1.6 sapdba, to be run as ora<SID>......................................................................................................... 8

4.1.7 saplicense, to be run from the ..\exe\run directory......................................................................... 8

4.1.8 saprouter................................................................................................................................................ 8

4.1.9 tp, to be run from the usr\sap\trans\bin............................................................................................ 8

1 SAP R/3

This document is created to get a comprehensive list of all actions that I have taken during the maintenance of the SAP. This to make sure that I forget as little as possible.

This document can be a good handle for basis consultants who are starting on the job.

1.1 Tables

DBSTATC	status of statistics-information per SAP-table
E070	Change-requests and their tasks and properties
E071	Objects in change-requests
KNA1	Necessary at sapscript-ABAP’s
MARA	Materiallist
PAT01, PAT03	Supportpackages and their status, also see table TEPSIN
TBATG	Holds runtime-transportinformation (don’t know yet what it exactly holds)
TBTCO	Batchjobinformation
TTZZ	Timezones.
USR01 ~ ...12	Userdata

1.2 Transactions

Good advise: don’t learn the transactioncodes by heart at first, but use the menu-paths. This way you will sooner get an overview of the systems possibilities.

1.2.1 Daily maintenance

SM21	Systemlog
SM37	Check the batchjobs
SM50/51	Show all processes on one server / all servers
SM66	Show all active process on the system
ST11	Display developer-traces
ST22	ABAP-dumps

1.2.2 ABAP-related

SE11	ABAP dictionary
SE16/SM30	Data browser/Table editor (3.1x’s SM31 is replaced by SM30)
SE37	Function builder
SE38	ABAP editor
SE41	Menu painter
SE51	Screen painter

1.2.3 Backgroundjob-related

RZ04	Operation modes
SM36	Create background job
SM37	Show background jobs
SM63	Operation mode calendar
SM65	Check backgroundjob-settings

1.2.4 Generally useful

AL11	SAP directories
DB02	Database performance: Tables and Indexes
PFCG	Profile generator
RZ10	Profile maintenance
SARA	Archiving
SCC4	Client change options
SE01	Transport organizer, use SE09 for ABAP-transports, SE10 for customizing transports
SE06 (4.x up)	System change options, see SCC4 for Client change options.
SE71	Maintain Layout-sets also known as sapscripts
SM02	System message
SMGW	Gateway administration
SMLG	Define logon-groups
SMLT	Language administration
SPAM	Support Package Manager
SPAU	ABAP-dictionary assistant during supportpackage-import
SPDD	Data-dictionary assistant during supportpackage-import
STFK	Search the customersystem that have an open connection to Walldorf

1.2.5 Functional transactions

MM01,2,3	Create, Modify, Display material data
PP01,2,3	Create, Modify, Display productionplant data
VA01,2,3	Create, Modify, Display sales order data

1.3 Commands

/$sync	Synchronise the buffers. ABAP’s on the application servers will be refreshed, so possibly changed. Not recommended on productionsystems in use.
/h	Turning on the debugging mode
/n	New command
/o	New session

1.4 ABAP reports

RDDIMPDP	Jobtriggerer. Starts the released batchjobs and tp-commands.
RDDNEWPP	To schedule RDDIMPDP, run this as DDIC in each targetclient
RMMMPERI	Periodclosing for MM. Gives problems regularly.
RSCOLL00	Collector for system- and databasedata. Usually runs every hour.
RSDBTIME	Check and repair inconsistencies in the clocks of a system
RSEPSUPL	Upload the patches available in /eps/in	31x
?RSSUPC??	Generates the profiles and activitygroups
RSPARAM	Shows the parametersettings of a running SAP-instance
RSPO1041	Delete old spoolrequests. This abap used to be RSPO0041 in older releases
RSTPTEST	Tests the transporttool
RSUSRxxx	User related reports (000 list active users, 002 userby comlex criteria, etc)
TOUCHALL	Generate all ABAP’s. Takes about 24 hours!

1.5 Profileparameters

rdisp/*	gui-parameters
rdisp/gui_max_wait	maximum time of no response (in 3.x: rdisp/gui_auto_logout)

1.6 Userids

1.6.1 Userids on SAP R/3 level

SAP* Sapsuperuser, has all authorizations. Its default password is available in the OSS.

DDIC Its default password is available in the OSS.

CPIC eh

1.6.2 Userids on databaselevel

SAPR3 User that connect SAP R/3 to the Oracle (or SQL or ..) database

OPS$ Oracle-only. Used to change passwords of OS-level userid’s. see OSS-note 50088

1.6.3 Userids on OS-level

<SID>adm os-administrator for unix-activities as creating logical volumes, filegroups, smit, smitty, etc

ora<SID> Oracle only: R/3-database administrator for SAPDBA-activities as brarchive, sapdba-analyze, brrestore, etc.

SAPService<SID> NT-only: OS-user used for running the service SAPOSCOL

1.6.4 Userid for applying Supportpackages

During applying supportpackages (aka. hotpackages) you need to be logged on to client 000 with a userid other then SAP*, but with the same authorizations.

1.6.5 Userid for configuring and maintaining STMS

During changing the Transport Management System using STMS you need to be logged on as TMSADM in client 000 on the transportdomaincontroller.

1.7 Logfiles

SAP logs almost any action and has a lot of trace-options. Here is a short listing for them:

· systemlog, viewed via transaction SM21, file stored in /work

·         developertraces, viewed via ST11 or SM50 and doubleclick the process (as of 4.x), stored in /work
dev_wX         log for workproces number X
dev_ms          log for workproces for the messageservice
dev_gw          log for workproces for the gateway
dev_disp       log for workproces for the dispatcher
dev_tp           log for workproces for the transports

· startuplog, viewed via ST11

· stderrx, viewed via ST11, 3 or 4 files, hold more errorstatements

· trans.log, viewed via AL11, DIR_TRANS, transportlogfile

1.8 Traces

Tracefiles are very useful when analysing a problem.

· ST05 (System, Utilities, Performance trace) allows you to set a trace per user, transaction, program or process-id.

· SM50. Here you see the processes. Per proces you can see it’s corresponding tracefile via button ‘Show file’. The default trace-level is 1. You can change the tracelevel via Process, Trace, Dispatcher, Change tracelevel (of all processes, not per process).

2 Database

2.1 General databaseknowledge

Logging on to the database is done via:

· Log on as ora<SID>

· UNIX: svrmgrl (in Oracle 7.* this used to be ‘sqlplus’)

· NT: sqldba72 (or svrmgr23, svrmgr30)

· connect internal

2.1.1 Database-commands

2.1.1.1 SQL Select-statements

**Select from***	*useful fields*	*what does it do?*
dba_roles;
dba_tables	where tablespace_name= ’SYSTEM’ and owner=’SYS’;	shows all systemtables
sys.dba_role_privs;	where grantee like ‘OPS$’;	show the roles of the OPS$-user, should be: CONNECT, RESOURCE and SAPDBA.
v$backup		shows which files are in backup mode
v$datafile;		to verify the correct execution
v$datafile	where status not in ('SYSTEM','ONLINE')	should be empty if SAP is online
v$dba_rollback_segs		Data of all rollback segments
v$log;		shows all logfiles (4) and which is active
v$logfile;		shows all physical logfiles (mirrored, so: 8)
v$nls_parameters	where parameter = 'NLS_CHARACTERSET';	returns the characterset with which the database is installed
v$recover_file;		should be empty if SAP is online
v$rollname		Name and number of all ONLINE rollback segments
v$rollstat		Number, status, optimal size, diff. capacity sizes etc. of all ONLINE rollback segments

The V$-files contain the dynamic performance tables which hold the runtime information of R/3. To see all V$-files listed, go to ST04, detailed analysis, button display V$ values.

2.1.1.2 SQL Alter-statements

alter database open;

?alter database rename file '<device>:\<old path>\<old filename>' to '<device>:\<new path>\<new filename>';

alter system switch logfile; (4 times to perform four logswitches)

alter tablespace <tablespacename> end backup; the tablespace will end its status of being backed up.